Advanced Classes
Advanced Class Features in Dart Overview
Dart provides sophisticated class mechanisms that go beyond basic object-oriented programming. These features enable powerful patterns for code reuse, type safety, and flexible object creation.
Key Concepts
1. Inheritance
- Single inheritance model
superkeyword usage- Parent class initialization
- Method overriding principles
2. Object Identity & Equality
==operator overridingidentical()functionhashCodecontracts- Equality best practices
3. Abstract Classes
- Partial implementations
- Abstract methods
- Interface enforcement
- Base contracts
4. Sealed Classes
- Fixed set of subtypes
- Exhaustive pattern matching
- State modeling
- Algebraic data types
5. Interface Classes
- Explicit interface syntax
- Contract enforcement
- Multiple implementation
- API design
6. Interfaces (Implicit)
- Class-based interfaces
implementskeyword- Loose coupling patterns
- Testing advantages
7. Generics
- Type parameters
- Collection types
- Generic methods
- Bounded types
8. Enums
- Fixed value sets
- Enhanced enums (methods/properties)
- Pattern matching
- State representation
9. Mixins
- Code reuse
- Multiple composition
onkeyword restrictions- Linearization rules
10. Extension Methods
- Existing type augmentation
- Syntax sugar
- Utility patterns
- Scope limitations
11. Factory Constructors
- Alternative instantiation
- Object pooling
- Cache patterns
- Return flexibility
12. Const Constructors
- Compile-time constants
- Immutable objects
- Canonicalization
- Performance benefits